Ebook Boston Against Busing: Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the 1960s and 1970s, by Ronald P. Formisano
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Boston Against Busing: Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the 1960s and 1970s, by Ronald P. Formisano
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Perhaps the most spectacular reaction to court-ordered busing in the 1970s occurred in Boston, where there was intense and protracted protest. Ron Formisano explores the sources of white opposition to school desegregation. Racism was a key factor, Formisano argues, but racial prejudice alone cannot explain the movement. Class resentment, ethnic rivalries, and the defense of neighborhood turf all played powerful roles in the protest.
In a new epilogue, Formisano brings the story up to the present day, describing the end of desegregation orders in Boston and other cities. He also examines the nationwide trend toward the resegregation of schools, which he explains is the result of Supreme Court decisions, attacks on affirmative action, white flight, and other factors. He closes with a brief look at the few school districts that have attempted to base school assignment policies on class or economic status.
- Sales Rank: #941722 in eBooks
- Published on: 2012-01-01
- Released on: 2012-01-01
- Format: Kindle eBook
From Publishers Weekly
This work offers a convincing and dispassionate assessment of an emotionally charged subject: court-ordered school desegregation in Boston and, most particularly, the white backlash associated with it. Calling the conflict a "war that nobody won," Formisano ( The Transformation of Political Culture: Massachusetts Parties, 1780s-1840s ) examines the social and economic roots of what he terms "reactionary populism," concluding that more than simple racism underlay it. Class was an important issue, as evidenced by the frustration of city residents dictated to by legislators and members of the media whose own children attended schools in the "lily white suburbs," beyond the reach of the controversial desegregation plan. He describes the variety of white responses to the court order, for example, South Boston's collective hard-core resistance in marches and clashes with police and West Roxbury's more individualist (white flight) and legalist approach. Here, too, are the public characters, such as Boston School Councillor Louise Hicks, and the street theater of protest, such as a mothers' prayer march led by Hicks counting her rosary beads.
Copyright 1991 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Library Journal
Sailing in the wake of Common Ground , J. Anthony Lukas's prize-winning study of Boston's busing crisis ( LJ 8/85), Formisano focuses upon the white antibusers who, he believes, were more diverse in motivation and tactics than the rock-throwing mobs on television. Using interviews, press accounts, and the enormous secondary literature, he argues, as have Lukas and others, that race and class were knotted together in this "war nobody won." Formisano writes with empathy for the antibusers yet doesn't dismiss their racism; he finds little to praise between both sides' principals and concludes that school desegregation must confront "suburban residential apartheid." Lukas's journalistic tour de force is still the book to read on busing in Boston, but this, the most accessible scholarly work, may be the book to study. It is recommended for most academic and many public libraries.
- Robert F. Nardini, North Chichester, N.H.
Copyright 1991 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
Formisano's analysis of race relations in Boston is extended into the present day in this revised edition. Formisano explores the sources of working and middle-class white opposition to school desegregation, which contained elements of racism, class resentment, ethnic rivalries, and the defense of neighborhood turf.
Most helpful customer reviews
3 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Interesting account of a controversial and turbulent time
By Battleship
Ronald Forminsano has presented a fascinating look at the famous Boston busing crisis of the 1970's. He does a good job of establishing the basic facts and identifying the major players in the crisis. He gives a penetrating look at Judge Arthur Garrity who mandated that the South Boston white students be bused to Roxbury and the black students from Roxbury be bused to South Boston.
This mandate was very controversial from the beginning. President Gerald Ford spoke out as thinking the move was ill-advised. Boston mayor Kevin White tried his best to implement the judge's decision. He had his hands full with vocal opponents like Louise Day Hicks, John Kerrigan, and Pixie Palladino.
Formisano points out that there was a populist backlash from the residents of South Boston. Parents resented the fact that their children were selected for integration. The situation on the ground was turbulent as white students were persecuted in the black community and vice versa.
Formisano admitted that there were some problems with the mandate. However, he generally supported the plan as a means to establish overdue integration of the districts. The problem is that South Boston and Roxbury families were chosen to be pawns in a war that was not of their choosing. I believe that people have the right to receive and education in the region where they live. Roxbury and South Boston were not able to effectively protest the move because the residents were from a low socio-economic level and were not able to establish influential connections.
Roxbury and South Boston were arbitrary sources for Judge Garrity's social engineering experiment. Boston suburbs like Newton and Wellsley are lily-white and were even more in need of an influx of racial diversity. These wealthy and well-connected communities were not forced to integrate. The parents in those districts would have likely fought integration efforts with passion. However, these same "enlightened" parents were often proponents of the busing policies. As long as it did not effect their children, they supported the mandate. I find this to be very hypocritical and that the mandate unfairly discriminated against poorer students and families.
In the end, the busing policy did not benefit whites or blacks. A whole generation of students suffered the scars of being on the front line of this highly-politicized battle. I have friends who lived throught the crisis and they almost unanimously tell me that this policy was a complete disaster and a failed social experiment.
There was need for communities to integrate. There is no denying this fact. However, the integration could have occurred in a less-intrusive manner. For example, the METCO program is more voluntary and has enabled African-American children to broaden their horizons and have opportunities that would not ordinarily available. White communities benefit from the diversity in such instances. This was not the case in the Boston busing crisis. No one was the winner in this failed social experiment.
Overall, I liked Formisano's book. He outlined the basic information of the case. He argued the pros and cons of the controversy. He identified the supporters and opponents of the mandate with clarity. I disagree with his overall position, but I found the work to be heartfelt and sincere. The book was well-written and I learned a lot about this controversial period in Boston history that became a national news story in the contentious 1970's.
3 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
My Mother is on the cover!
By Maria-Elena L. Hurld
A relative found this book and called me to take a look at it. That is definitely my mother Mazie Boulet, on the cover.
The little boy was with someone else that was cut out of the picture.
She was in Washington on a march to Stopping Forced Busing with other mothers of all races from Boston's multiple communities. It was raining buckets.
The facts in the book were NOT very accurate. My mom went though and made side notes of corrections. LOL!!
The man that wrote it is not even from Boston, he's in Florida.
My mother loved it as a present though.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Boston desegregation
By mhead
The book was a fabulous resource for a school paper.
It was extremely informative.
One of the best books on the subject in my opinion.
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